China’s parliament expresses ‘resolute opposition’ to the bill, says it shows the US has ‘paranoid delusion’.
The US Senate has voted 68-32 to approve a sweeping package of legislation intended to boost the country’s ability to compete with Chinese technology.
The measure, passed on Tuesday, authorises about $190bn for provisions to strengthen US technology and research – and would separately approve spending $54bn to increase US production and research into semiconductors and telecommunications equipment, including $2bn dedicated to chips used by automakers that have seen massive shortages and made significant production cuts.
The desire for a hard line in dealings with China is one of the few bipartisan sentiments in the deeply divided US Congress, which is narrowly controlled by President Joe Biden’s fellow Democrats.
China’s parliament expressed “strong indignation and resolute opposition” to the bill. It said in a statement that the US bill showed “paranoid delusion of wanting to be the only winner” and had distorted the original spirit of innovation and competition.
The bill must pass the House of Representatives to be sent to the White House for Biden to sign into law. It is not clear what legislation in the House will look like or when it might take it up. House leaders have not publicly committed to acting on the Senate bill or set out a course of action beyond the House Science Committee considering its own plan for revamping the National Science Foundation.
The bill has a number of other China-related provisions, including prohibiting the social media app TikTok from being downloaded on government devices, and would block the purchase of drones manufactured and sold by companies backed by the Chinese government. It would also allow Taiwanese diplomats and military to display their flag and wear their uniforms while in the US on official business.
It would also create broad new mandatory sanctions on Chinese entities engaged in cyberattacks on the US or theft of intellectual property from US firms, and provides for a review of export controls on items that could be used to support human rights abuses.
Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer, a co-sponsor of the measure, warned of the dire consequences of not funding research to keep up with China.
“If we do nothing, our days as the dominant superpower may be ending. We don’t mean to let those days end on our watch. We don’t mean to see America become a middling nation in this century,” Schumer said.
Biden praised the bill: “We are in a competition to win the 21st century, and the starting gun has gone off … We cannot risk falling behind.”
US Commerce Secretary Gina Raimondo said the funding could result in seven to 10 new US semiconductor plants. Many US companies praised the bill. General Motors Co said the legislation “represents an important step to address the semiconductor shortage that continues to impact US automotive manufacturing.”
Some critics have likened the Senate funding effort to China’s high-tech industrial development push, dubbed “Made in China 2025,” which long irked the United States.
The bill also seeks to counter Beijing’s growing global influence through diplomacy, by working with allies and increasing US involvement in international organisations after Republican former President Donald Trump’s “America First” agenda.
Senator Maria Cantwell noted the bill would authorise NASA spending and its Artemis mission to the Moon. “As China has made it clear, they’re going to Mars, we are going back to the Moon to ready ourselves to go to Mars,” Cantwell said.